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Q #26
:

Read carefully the passage given below and answer the question

A majority of scientists now agree that the "ozone hole" developed over the Antarctica due to the greatly increased use of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Though they were regarded as chemically inert materials, under conditions in the atmosphere with intense solar radiation CFCs have reacted with ozone. As the chlorine oxide amounts increased,, the ozone amount in the stratosphere (which protect the earth from the sun’s ultraviolet radiation) fell. A wide range of effects through "ozone hole" was expected: skin cancers, damage to crops and animals and changes in the worlds weather patterns. Some international agreements including the Earth Summit (1992) contain provisions to reduce the release of CFSs and other harmful chemicals drastically by 2000 AD. The limit set by the European Union include complete phasing out by 1994 of Halons, the range of compounds containing Bromine used in fire extinguishers, as these are considered very harmful to atmospheric ozone. The heightened awareness in recent years keep earth’s environment free of pollutants has produced one salutary effect in the form of two innovations: (1) the first CFC-free refrigerator made by a German firm DKK in 1992, using propane and butane as the coolant and pentane for the insulating foam (2)New engine fitted to jet aircraft to generate less oxides of nitrogen (NOX) which are damaging to ozone.

All the following are damaging to Ozone except :

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Explanation: Except for citric acid which is an absolutely harmless acid and not mentioned in the passage at all, the harmful effects of all the other chemicals are laid out clearly in the passage.

Q #27
:

Read carefully the passage given below and answer the question

A majority of scientists now agree that the "ozone hole" developed over the Antarctica due to the greatly increased use of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Though they were regarded as chemically inert materials, under conditions in the atmosphere with intense solar radiation CFCs have reacted with ozone. As the chlorine oxide amounts increased,, the ozone amount in the stratosphere (which protect the earth from the sun’s ultraviolet radiation) fell. A wide range of effects through "ozone hole" was expected: skin cancers, damage to crops and animals and changes in the worlds weather patterns. Some international agreements including the Earth Summit (1992) contain provisions to reduce the release of CFSs and other harmful chemicals drastically by 2000 AD. The limit set by the European Union include complete phasing out by 1994 of Halons, the range of compounds containing Bromine used in fire extinguishers, as these are considered very harmful to atmospheric ozone. The heightened awareness in recent years keep earth’s environment free of pollutants has produced one salutary effect in the form of two innovations: (1) the first CFC-free refrigerator made by a German firm DKK in 1992, using propane and butane as the coolant and pentane for the insulating foam (2)New engine fitted to jet aircraft to generate less oxides of nitrogen (NOX) which are damaging to ozone.

The development of the "ozone hole’ over Antarctica was mainly due to <>

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Explanation: The very first sentence of the passage states that the ‘ozone hole’ over the continent of Antarctica was caused due to the increase in the use of chlorofluorocarbon in the atmosphere.

Q #28
:

Read carefully the passage given below and answer the question

A majority of scientists now agree that the "ozone hole" developed over the Antarctica due to the greatly increased use of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Though they were regarded as chemically inert materials, under conditions in the atmosphere with intense solar radiation CFCs have reacted with ozone. As the chlorine oxide amounts increased,, the ozone amount in the stratosphere (which protect the earth from the sun’s ultraviolet radiation) fell. A wide range of effects through "ozone hole" was expected: skin cancers, damage to crops and animals and changes in the worlds weather patterns. Some international agreements including the Earth Summit (1992) contain provisions to reduce the release of CFSs and other harmful chemicals drastically by 2000 AD. The limit set by the European Union include complete phasing out by 1994 of Halons, the range of compounds containing Bromine used in fire extinguishers, as these are considered very harmful to atmospheric ozone. The heightened awareness in recent years keep earth’s environment free of pollutants has produced one salutary effect in the form of two innovations: (1) the first CFC-free refrigerator made by a German firm DKK in 1992, using propane and butane as the coolant and pentane for the insulating foam (2)New engine fitted to jet aircraft to generate less oxides of nitrogen (NOX) which are damaging to ozone.

The European Union envisaged

  1. the total ban on CFC’s by 2000 AD.
  2. The complete phasing out of Halons.
  3. Increasing "Eco-system" awareness among the peoples in the European Union <1i>
  4. all of the above.


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Explanation: The author enumerates the harmful effects of the ozone layer as causing skin cancers in human being and damage to crops and animals. Its destructive effect on climactic conditions is not mentioned to all, for changes in weather conditions do not automatically imply storms and cyclones.

Q #29
:

Read carefully the passage given below and answer the question

Retailing — no marks for guessing this is the most active and attractive sector of the last decade. While the retailing industry itself has been present through history in our country, it is only the recent past that has witnessed so much dynamism. It’s the latest bandwagon that has witnessed hordes of players leaping onto it. While international retail store chains have caught the fancy of many travellers abroad, the action was missing from the Indian business scene, at least till recently. The emergence of retailing in India has more to do with the increasing purchasing power of buyers, especially post-liberalisation, increase in product variety, and the increasing economies of scale, with the aid of modern supply and distribution management solutions. A definition of retailing is essential in order to be in a position to assess the impact of retailing and its future potential. The current retailing revolution has been provided an impetus from multiple sources. These ‘revolutionaries’ include many conventional stores upgrading themselves to modern retailing, companies in competitive environments entering the market directly to ensure exclusive visibility for their products and professional chain stores coming up to meet the need of the manufacturers who do not fall into either of the above categories. Attractiveness, accessibility and affordability seem to be the key offerings of the retailing chain

  1. Conventional stores
  2. Product variety 
  3. Retailing 
  4. None of these


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Explanation: Refer to the 1st line.

Q #30
:

Read carefully the passage given below and answer the question

Retailing — no marks for guessing this is the most active and attractive sector of the last decade. While the retailing industry itself has been present through history in our country, it is only the recent past that has witnessed so much dynamism. It’s the latest bandwagon that has witnessed hordes of players leaping onto it. While international retail store chains have caught the fancy of many travellers abroad, the action was missing from the Indian business scene, at least till recently. The emergence of retailing in India has more to do with the increasing purchasing power of buyers, especially post-liberalisation, increase in product variety, and the increasing economies of scale, with the aid of modern supply and distribution management solutions. A definition of retailing is essential in order to be in a position to assess the impact of retailing and its future potential. The current retailing revolution has been provided an impetus from multiple sources. These ‘revolutionaries’ include many conventional stores upgrading themselves to modern retailing, companies in competitive environments entering the market directly to ensure exclusive visibility for their products and professional chain stores coming up to meet the need of the manufacturers who do not fall into either of the above categories. Attractiveness, accessibility and affordability seem to be the key offerings of the retailing chain

Retailing was present, but lacked something according to the author. What was it?

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Explanation: Refer to the 2nd sentence