Number Series, Logic, and Analogy








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Quiz Begins Here

Q #1
:

Directions: Read the information given below and answer the questions that follow.

Four friends are out shopping. A has less money than three times the amount that B has. C has more money than B. D has an amount equal to the difference of amounts with B and C. A has three times the money than D. They each have to buy a least one shirt, or one shawl, or one sweater, or one jacket, that are priced Rs.200, Rs. 400, Rs.600 and Rs.1000 apiece, respectively. C borrows Rs.300 from A and buys a jacket. B buys a sweater after borrowing Rs.100 from A and is left with no money. A buys three shirts. What is the costliest item that Dcould buy with his own money?

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A < 3B, C > B, D = C - B and A = 3 D. 

B must have 500, since he has to borrow 100 from A to buy 3 shirts for Rs 600

C must have at  least 700 (> 600). 700 is not correct as this leaves D with 200 and A with 600. 

Since A lends 300 to C and 100 to B and still buys 3 shirts for Rs 600, A must have at least 1000 since A = 3D, we get 

A = 1200, D = 400, hence D can buy one shawl.


Q #2
:

Directions: Read the information given below and answer the questions that follow.

In a family gathering there are two males who are grandfathers and four males who are fathers. In the same gathering there are two females who are grandmothers and four females who are mothers. There is at least one grandson or a granddaughter present in this gathering. There are two husband wife pairs in this group. These can either be a grandfather and a grandmother, or a father and a mother. The single grandfather (whose wife is not present) has two grandsons and a son present. The single grandmother (whose husband is not present) has two grand daughters and a daughter present. A grandfather or a grandmother present with their spouses does not have any grandson or granddaughter present. What is the minimum number of people present in this gathering?

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Count number of males and females

Males = 4 + 1 + 1   (4 fathers, 2 grandfathers are included in 2 fathers, 1 grandson, Husband/wife pairs are included, one more grandson)

Females = 4 + 1 + 1 (follow similar logic as for males)

There are 6 males and 6 females. Hence the minimum number of people present can be 6 + 6 = 12.


Q #3
:

Read the following information and answer the questions that follow.
 
Two shopkeepers go to buy newly designed weights from the trade fair. In a particular shop the salesman asks their limits of weighing at a time. Both of them tell their limit as 120 kg at a time. The salesman shows them the price list as:
 
 Any weight less than 10 kg ?                  Rs. 10 per piece
 More than 11 kg but less than 50 kg ?    Rs. 20 per piece
 More than 51 kg but less than 100 kg ?  Rs. 30 per piece.
 More than 100 kg ?                              Rs. 50 per piece.
 
The salesman gave them two options:

In the 1st option, the shopkeepers might have to put the weights on both sides. He gave them an example:
Suppose you want to weigh 7 kg, so put 10 kg on weight side and put 3 kg on the goods side.
        
In the second option, the shopkeeper did not need to put the weights on goods side.

If the 1st shopkeeper opts for the 1st option, what is the minimum number of weights he would need to buy at the lowest cost?

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The minimum number of weights needed are 5 – 1 kg, 3 kg, 9 kg, 27 kg and 81 kg

Q #4
:

Read the following information and answer the questions that follow.
 
Two shopkeepers go to buy newly designed weights from the trade fair. In a particular shop the salesman asks their limits of weighing at a time. Both of them tell their limit as 120 kg at a time. The salesman shows them the price list as:
 
 Any weight less than 10 kg ?                  Rs. 10 per piece
 More than 11 kg but less than 50 kg ?    Rs. 20 per piece
 More than 51 kg but less than 100 kg ?  Rs. 30 per piece.
 More than 100 kg ?                              Rs. 50 per piece.
 
The salesman gave them two options:

In the 1st option, the shopkeepers might have to put the weights on both sides. He gave them an example:
Suppose you want to weigh 7 kg, so put 10 kg on weight side and put 3 kg on the goods side.
        
In the second option, the shopkeeper did not need to put the weights on goods side.

The 2nd shopkeeper opts for the 2nd option. What is the min. no. of weights he would need to buy at the lowest cost?

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The minimum number of weights needed are 7 – 1 kg, 2 kg, 4 kg, 8 kg, 16 kg, 32kg and 64 kg

Q #5
:

Read the following information and answer the questions that follow.
 
Two shopkeepers go to buy newly designed weights from the trade fair. In a particular shop the salesman asks their limits of weighing at a time. Both of them tell their limit as 120 kg at a time. The salesman shows them the price list as:
 
 Any weight less than 10 kg ?                  Rs. 10 per piece
 More than 11 kg but less than 50 kg ?    Rs. 20 per piece
 More than 51 kg but less than 100 kg ?  Rs. 30 per piece.
 More than 100 kg ?                              Rs. 50 per piece.
 
The salesman gave them two options:

In the 1st option, the shopkeepers might have to put the weights on both sides. He gave them an example:
Suppose you want to weigh 7 kg, so put 10 kg on weight side and put 3 kg on the goods side.
        
In the second option, the shopkeeper did not need to put the weights on goods side.

One of them needed as much more amount as the other has left after purchase. Suppose both of them left their home with the same amount. Who borrowed and what amount was borrowed?

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First shopkeeper needs Rs 80 (3 x 10 + 1 x 20 + 1 x 30)

Second shopkeeper needs Rs 110 ( 4 x 10 + 2 x 20 + 1 x 30)

So second shopkeeper needs to borrow Rs 15 (Rs 110 –Rs 80 divided by 2)